模拟内镜手术
要在VTK中模拟内镜手术并生成结肠器官模型,同时在结肠中创建内窥镜运动路径,并通过上下键控制路径的运动,可以按照以下步骤进行:[*]创建结肠模型:使用VTK的几何建模功能创建结肠的3D模型。
[*]生成内窥镜路径:在结肠模型中生成一条内窥镜的运动路径。
[*]控制路径运动:通过捕捉键盘事件来控制内窥镜沿路径的运动。
以下是一个示例代码,展示如何实现这些步骤:
#include <vtkSmartPointer.h>
#include <vtkPoints.h>
#include <vtkParametricSpline.h>
#include <vtkParametricFunctionSource.h>
#include <vtkPolyDataMapper.h>
#include <vtkActor.h>
#include <vtkRenderer.h>
#include <vtkRenderWindow.h>
#include <vtkRenderWindowInteractor.h>
#include <vtkCamera.h>
#include <vtkCallbackCommand.h>
#include <vtkCommand.h>
// 全局变量用于控制相机位置
double t = 0.0;
vtkSmartPointer<vtkParametricSpline> spline;
void KeypressCallbackFunction(vtkObject* caller, long unsigned int eventId, void* clientData, void* callData)
{
vtkRenderWindowInteractor* interactor = static_cast<vtkRenderWindowInteractor*>(caller);
// 获取按键
std::string key = interactor->GetKeySym();
// 根据按键调整t值
if (key == "Up")
{
t += 0.01;
}
else if (key == "Down")
{
t -= 0.01;
}
// 限制t值范围
if (t < 0.0) t = 0.0;
if (t > 1.0) t = 1.0;
// 获取相机位置
double p;
spline->Evaluate(t, p, nullptr);
// 设置相机位置
vtkCamera* camera = static_cast<vtkRenderer*>(clientData)->GetActiveCamera();
camera->SetPosition(p);
camera->SetFocalPoint(p + 1, p, p); // 假设内窥镜向前看
}
int main(int, char *[])
{
// 创建路径点
vtkSmartPointer<vtkPoints> points = vtkSmartPointer<vtkPoints>::New();
points->InsertNextPoint(0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
points->InsertNextPoint(1.0, 2.0, 0.0);
points->InsertNextPoint(2.0, 4.0, 0.0);
points->InsertNextPoint(3.0, 6.0, 0.0);
// 创建样条曲线
spline = vtkSmartPointer<vtkParametricSpline>::New();
spline->SetPoints(points);
// 创建样条曲线源
vtkSmartPointer<vtkParametricFunctionSource> splineSource = vtkSmartPointer<vtkParametricFunctionSource>::New();
splineSource->SetParametricFunction(spline);
splineSource->Update();
// 创建相机
vtkSmartPointer<vtkCamera> camera = vtkSmartPointer<vtkCamera>::New();
// 创建渲染器、渲染窗口和交互器
vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderer> renderer = vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderer>::New();
vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderWindow> renderWindow = vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderWindow>::New();
renderWindow->AddRenderer(renderer);
vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderWindowInteractor> renderWindowInteractor = vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderWindowInteractor>::New();
renderWindowInteractor->SetRenderWindow(renderWindow);
// 创建样条曲线的映射器和演员
vtkSmartPointer<vtkPolyDataMapper> mapper = vtkSmartPointer<vtkPolyDataMapper>::New();
mapper->SetInputConnection(splineSource->GetOutputPort());
vtkSmartPointer<vtkActor> actor = vtkSmartPointer<vtkActor>::New();
actor->SetMapper(mapper);
// 添加演员到渲染器
renderer->AddActor(actor);
// 设置相机初始位置
camera->SetPosition(0, 0, 5);
renderer->SetActiveCamera(camera);
// 设置键盘回调函数
vtkSmartPointer<vtkCallbackCommand> keypressCallback = vtkSmartPointer<vtkCallbackCommand>::New();
keypressCallback->SetCallback(KeypressCallbackFunction);
keypressCallback->SetClientData(renderer);
renderWindowInteractor->AddObserver(vtkCommand::KeyPressEvent, keypressCallback);
// 渲染并开始交互
renderWindow->Render();
renderWindowInteractor->Start();
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
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